12 × 6 TB in RAID 6

Usable space, rebuild time and read error risk for 12 drives of 6 TB each.

12 × 6 TB drives in RAID 6 give 60 TB of usable space, which Windows shows as 54.6 TB. 12 TB goes to parity, so 83% of the 72 TB raw space is usable. The array survives any two failed drives, and it is still protected while one drive rebuilds.
TB

Size printed on the drive label. Different sizes? The array uses the smallest one for every drive.

Advanced settings
MB/s

Typical hard drive: 100–200 MB/s with no other load. SSD: 400 MB/s or more.

From the drive datasheet. It is a worst-case spec, so real drives usually do better.

Show capacity in
60TB usable

Array healthy
Your data Parity or mirror copy Failed drive Click a drive to make it fail.
Drawing12 × 6 TB in RAID 6
Raw72 TB
Efficiency83%

Drives that can fail

Rebuild of one drive

Read error during rebuild

Checks for this setup

The same drives in every RAID level

12 drives of 6 TB each.

LevelUsableEfficiencyDrives that can failRebuildRead error in rebuild
72 TB
100%
None
—
—
6 TB
8%
Any 11
11 h
Fixed by another copy
66 TB
92%
Any 1
11 h
41%
60 TB
83%
Any 2
11 h
Fixed by parity
36 TB
50%
1 to 6
11 h
4.7%
60 TB
83%
1 to 2
11 h
21%
48 TB
67%
2 to 4
11 h
Fixed by parity

12 × 6 TB in RAID 6: the numbers

Usable space60 TB (54.6 TB in Windows)
Raw space72 TB
Used for protection12 TB
Efficiency83%
Drives that can failAny 2
Rebuild at 150 MB/s11 h
Rebuild at 50 MB/s (busy)33 h
Data read during rebuild66 TB
Read error risk, desktop drives99% (corrected)
Read error risk, NAS drives41% (corrected)

Rebuild

Replacing a failed drive means writing a full 6 TB drive. At 150 MB/s with no other load that takes about 11 h; on a busy array running at 50 MB/s, about 33 h. The rebuild reads every surviving drive: 66 TB in total.

Read errors

Reading 66 TB, the chance of at least one unreadable sector is 99% with desktop drives (1 per 1014 bits) and 41% with NAS drives (1 per 1015). The second parity corrects it, so the rebuild finishes without losing data.

Our take

Up to about 12 drives in one RAID 6 is common. Beyond that, two RAID 6 groups (RAID 60) keep rebuilds shorter. For 6 TB drives this is the setup most administrators would choose: the rebuild takes 11 h, and the array stays protected the whole time.

Similar setups

All RAID 6 setups

Usable space in TB. Pick a cell for the full numbers.
Drives2 TB4 TB6 TB8 TB10 TB12 TB14 TB16 TB18 TB20 TB22 TB24 TB
4 drives4812162024283236404448
5 drives61218243036424854606672
6 drives81624324048566472808896
7 drives102030405060708090100110120
8 drives1224364860728496108120132144
10 drives163248648096112128144160176192
12 drives20406080100120140160180200220240